Mitochondrial DNA - Energy releasing organelles located in the cytoplasm of cells, which contain their own DNA. Mitochondrial DNA is passed from mother to child, but only females continue to pass on their maternal mitochondria to their children. (source: ISOGG)
| Kit# | Name | Haplo | Hvr1 | Hvr2 |
| 28000 | Frederick B. Meek | 16311C | - | |
| 159822 | Peter Meek | 16172C | 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C | |
| 67321 | David Meek | 16519C | - | |
| AN4 | Sandy Connoly | 16519C | 263G, 309.1C, 315.1C | |
| AN5 | Pat Meeks | 16362C, 16519C | 263G, 309.1C, 315.1C | |
| 181429 | Joseph H. Pezley | 16189C, 16519C | 263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C | |
| 59276 | Jackie Carter | 16093C, 16519C | 263G, 309.1C, 315.1C | |
| 122452 | James E. Meek | 16221T, 16291T | 152C, 263G, 309.1C, 315.1C | |
| 111124 | Henry J. Thomas | 16519C | 195c, 257G, 263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C, 477C | |
| 159822 | Peter W. Meek | 16172C | 309.1c, 309.2c, 315.1c | |
| 166363 | Larry A. Meeks | 16093Y, 16519C | 263G, 309.1c, 315.1C, 523.1C, 523.2A | |
| N46723 | Kay Gibson | - | - | |
| 22236 | David Meeks | 16126C, 16294T, 16304C, 16519C | - | |
| 82603 | Private | 16051G, 16092C, 16129C, 16183C, 16189C, 16362C, 16519C, 16540T | 73G, 152C, 217C, 263G, 309.1C, 315.1C, 508G | |
| 153431 | Guy J. Meek | 16134T, 16189C, 16356C, 16519C | 73G, 152C, 195C, 263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C, 499A, 523.1C, 523.2A | |
| 28172 | Martin Meek | 16192T, 16256T, 16270T, 16362C, 16399G | 73G,143A, 195C, 225A, 226C, 235G, 263G, 309.1C, 315.1C | |
| 122144 | George C. Jefferson | 16124C, 16223T, 16278T, 16362C, 16519C | - |
Haplogroup Definitions
from Wikipedia
Haplogroup HV: is believed to have expanded throughout Europe 20,000 years before present, before the advent of farming in Europe. Today, it is most common in Western Europe (and descendant populations). Haplogroup HV derives from the Haplogroup pre-HV (which in turn derives from haplogroup R). HV is also the ancestral haplogroup to Haplogroup H and Haplogroup V. A 2003 study was published reporting on the mtDNA sequencing of the bones of two 24,000-year-old anatomically modern humans of the Cro-Magnon type from Southern Italy. The study showed one was of either haplogroup HV or pre-HV.
Haplogroup H: About one half of Europeans are of mt-DNA haplogroup H. The haplogroup is also common in North Africa and the Middle East. [1] According to FamilyTreeDNA [2], currently the largest genetic genealogy testing firm, approximately 32% of the their database is haplogroup H. Of those H results, approximately 21% of them has a 519C mutation, which is volatile and generally not useful in characterizing subclades. In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Helena.
The Cambridge Reference Sequence (CRS), the human mitochondrial sequence to which all other sequences are compared, belongs to haplogroup H.
Haplogroup H1: The most common branch of haplogroup H. It most likely originated 15-20,000 years ago and represents 30% of people in haplogroup H and 46% of the maternal lineages in Iberia. It can also be found at significant frequency in the Near East and some Middle Eastern populations. 13-14% of all Europeans belong to this branch.
Haplogroup H10: is a predominantly European haplogroup that originated outside of Europe before the last glacial maximum (LGM). It first expanded in the northern Near East and southern Caucasus between 33,000 and 26,000 years ago, and later migrations from Iberia suggest it reached Europe before the LGM. Its branch H10 is an uncommon branch and is found at low frequencies in both Europe and the Near East.
Haplogroup T is believed to have originated in Mesopotamia or Anatolia approximately 10,000 years before present, and to have moved northwards. It is found with particularly high concentrations around the eastern Baltic Sea, and the Urals. Haplogroup T derives from the haplogroup JT, which also gave rise to Haplogroup J. In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes (who is himself in haplogroup T) named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Tara.
Haplogroup U is believed to have arisen somewhere in Near East approximately 55,000 years before present. It is found throughout Europe, and contains many subgroups, each reflecting unique geography and history. Among its subgroups is Haplogroup K, HV, H and V In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Ursula.
Cheddar Man, a male from 7150 BC whose remains were found in Cheddar Gorge, Somerset, England was shown to belong to haplogroup U.
Haplogroup U5 was the first to settle Europe, approximately 50,000 years ago.